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    • BAY AREA NEWS GROUP: Contra Costa Times, Oakland Tribune, San Jose Mercury News >
      • Ridwell recycles
      • Piedmont author Zapruder’s memior
      • Alameda’s Bay Area Music Program
      • Alameda filmfest features 'Jack has a Plan'
      • United Dumplings in Rockridge
      • Tech pioneer Roy Clay, Sr.
      • Author/poet Tess Taylor
      • Montclair safety ambassador program
      • Montclair’s Italian Colors restaurant
      • Author Orenstein's 'Unraveling'
      • Author Rue Mapp's 'Nature Swagger'
      • Oakland’s Montclair Library
      • Montclair gym CRUfit
      • Chabot space center’s creative director
      • Friends of the Pleasant Hill Library
      • Artist Stephanie Syjuco at BAMPFA
      • Veterans Day at USS Hornet
      • Piedmont Anti-Racism and Diversity Committee
      • Year-round Oktoberfest on Piedmont Ave
      • Author Pete Torrey's memior
      • El Cerrito’s new fire chief
      • Blind sculptor at Valley Art Gallery
      • Montclair's GGPBooks hosts author T J Reid
      • Acre Restaurant to open in Rockridge
      • 1619 Project creator Hannah-Jones at Lesher
      • AXIS Dance's ‘Adelante’
      • Lawton Dance's 'Farallonites'
      • Oakland Firesafe Council
      • Author Sexton's 'On the Rooftop'
      • Alameda musician Paul Kotapish
      • Planterday in Rockridge
      • Author Dabney’s ‘Year of the Plague Journal’
      • Montclair Beer, Wine & Music Fest '22
      • Cal's Alt Meat Lab
      • Rockridge Rock-N-Stroll fest
      • N. Oakland’s ‘Daughters of the Delta’
      • Oakland Fukuoka Sister City marks 60th
      • Head-Royce's robotics team competes
      • Bancroft Garden celebrating 50th
      • ‘Diet for a Small Planet’
      • Montclair train mural
      • Montclair actor in ‘Endlings’
      • USS Hornet: gala and Vietnam Vets
      • Dance: 'Voice Within'
      • Author Stokes' 'Remember Me Gone'
      • Crogan's celebrates St. Patrick's Day
      • Oakland’s Temescal park dispute
      • Maria Shriver at East Bay Women’s Conference
      • Oakland’s White Elephant Sale 2022
      • ​Alameda’s Time Released Sound
      • Oakland developer ‘Buzz’ Gibb
      • Contra Costa MLK ceremony
      • Oakland’s Pacific Boychoir Academy
      • Richmond zydeco accordionist Andre Thierry
      • Alameda’s Alley & Vine
      • Montclair Village Holiday Stroll
      • Ellie Koplan's 100 years
      • Lesher's Denison retires
      • Bringing up butterflies in Richmond
      • Chabot space center reopening
      • Burning Man art in Richmond
      • Architect/glass artist Winterich
      • CCCT's 'Our Town'
      • WC Lib talk "Broadway's Golden Age'
      • Piedmont Beautification Foundation
      • Richmond's Urban Tilth
      • Alameda's Chochenyo Park art installation
      • Alameda Comedy Club curing Covid
      • Arjan Flowers and Herbs
      • Piedmont Avenue’s Timeless Coffee
      • Piedmont’s League of Women Voters
      • Eyes In Sync
      • Oakland's Mountain Music
      • Montclair mural
      • First female Eagle Scout
      • 13 yr old valedictorian
      • Books for the Barrios
      • WC Bronco Baseball Academy
      • Women's Cancer Resource Cntr during Covid
      • Bay Area Book Festival
      • Oakland's '21 White Elephant Sale
      • Walnut Creek Chamber's new Pres.
      • Great Good Place for Books during Covid
      • East Bay Women's Conf. 2021
      • Artist Ezawa at Haines Gallery
      • Artist Lift Off project
      • ‘Deconstruction’ at Perlmutter Gallery
      • El Sobrante food-justice community center
      • Urban Park CleanUp
      • Photographer Collopy at Laf Lib
      • Oakland Symphony's Morgan on 2020
      • Piedmont church interim pastor
      • BAMPFA's new quilt curator
      • Non profit adapts to pandemic
      • Oakland photographer Andrew Paynter
      • Author Virginia Cowart
      • Piedmont Center for the Arts during covid
      • Pacific Edge Voices' new director
      • Alamo’s Luxe Hair during Covid
      • BAMPFA's new Film Archive Director
      • Hercules Cares
      • Bay Area Children's Theater adapts
      • Garden of Memory
      • Oakland's womens choir Kitka
      • USS Hornet will survive shutdown
      • East Bay Golf courses in demand
      • Worship during shutdown
      • Guitarist Stevie Coyle performs online
      • 'Grit' theme at 2020 EBWC
      • Piedmont’s Kehilla Temple
      • Oakland’s House/Full of BlackWomen
      • Wendy Burch Steel & Redwood in Berkeley
      • El Cerrito HS teacher Taylor passes
      • Dr. Christine Carter's 'New Adolescence'
      • "Elemental' at PCA
      • Carrie Lederer leaving Bedford
      • Youth vaping seminar
      • Berkeley Open Studios
      • DeSaulnier town hall
      • 'Elevada' at Shotgun
      • Singer-songwriter Natu Camara at Cal Perf
      • Lafayette Lib celebrates
      • UC BAMPFA’s chief Rinder
      • Poet Matthew Zapruder
      • Live @ the Library
      • ARM of Care
      • East Bay museums get out
      • El Sobrante's Soul Flower farm
      • Author Meredith May's 'Honey Bus'
      • Guns into Sculpture
      • Author Mary Ellen Butler
      • Authenticity at USS Hornet
      • 2019 Heart of the Home Tour
      • Joyce Carol Oates in Lafayette
      • Author Matt Richtel's 'Elegant Defense'
      • Esme Weijun Wang's 'Schiziophrenias"
      • Mimi Fox celebrating life
      • Author Devi Laskar's 'Atlas'
      • Pleasant Hill golfer John Scott Senz
      • Walnut Creek United Methodist anniversary
      • Author Markham on migrant students' needs
      • 'Altered States' at Bedford
      • Filmmaker Jafa's 'White Album'
      • Montclair's restaurant renaissance
      • Author Newhouse's 'Incredible Slip Madigan'
      • Author Adam Plantinga
      • Bedford Craft Fest
      • Author John Jay Osborne
      • Learning via PORTS in Alameda
      • 'Tastes Like Chicken"
      • Owen's 'Other People's Love Affairs'
      • YBCA's 'Bay Area Now' exhibit
      • El Cerrito's surveillance cameras
      • Author Lydia Kiesling's 'The Golden State'
      • Author Gortner's 'The Romanov Empress'
      • Paula West at Summer Jazz Fest
      • State teachers summit in Moraga
      • 'Raised in the Shadow of the Bomb'
      • Author Meredith Jaeger's 'Boardwalk Summer'
      • Photographer Peter Hujar
      • Michael Pollan turned on
      • Teller's "All the Ever Afters"
      • St. Mary's golf team
      • Author Peter Rubin's 'Future Presence'
      • Bay Point mural
      • Chen's 'Bury What We Cannot Take'
      • East Bay Sea Serpents
      • Rakestraw Books' 45 year
      • Salt Craft restaurant
      • Norhtgate HS wins at Monterey Jazz
      • San Ramon utility box art
      • Rita Coolidge at Bankhead
      • Warrior's Unified Basketball Clinic
      • Concord Brewing Network
      • Kerri Shawn in 'Shirley Valentine'
      • East Bay Parkinson's advocate
      • Atmospheric scientist at Bankhead
      • Oates and Johnson at Laf lib
      • Author David Lukas 'Last Watchman'
      • Dr. Jill Biden speaks at EBWC
      • Diablo Foods in Lafayette
      • Kate Braverman's 'A Good Day for Seppuka'
      • Author Anne Raeff
      • EdTech Symposium
      • 'Until, Until, Until,...' at YBCA
      • Tri-Valley ice rinks
      • Kilbanes' 'Weightless" rock opera
      • Jewish Intnl. Film Fest opens
      • Ruth Bancroft Celebration of life
      • Author Eva Schloss
      • Stress reduction through diet
      • Gold Coast Chamber Players school visits
      • BAMPFA's Woodstock tribute
      • 'Long Way Home' at Livermore Reads
      • More women serving
      • '1776' at Bankhead
      • East Bay Regional Parks job fair
      • Charity Bike Institute
      • Danville Village Theatre's 'Wild'
      • 'Seed Vortex' at Bedford Gallery
      • William Noguera's death row memoir
      • Running With Love
      • Warrior's Jordan Bell
      • St. Mary's Jan Term
      • Bankhead's 'Best Face Forward'
      • Winter hiking
      • Latkes
      • 'Irish Christmas' at Bankhead
      • Danville's Santa's Mailbox
      • Model trains at Blackhawk
      • St. Mary's 'Across the Aisle'
      • DeSaulnier on tax bill
      • 'Thank you' to Tri-Valley art scene
      • Moraga sinkhole
      • 'Customer Experience'
      • Joyce Maynard's 'The Best of Us'
      • Teen Battle of the Bands
      • Painter John Tullis
      • Raising Resilient Girls
      • Blackhawk Gallery exhibit
      • Experience Burma Restaurant
      • Sustainable Enterprise Conf.
      • Author Barry Gifford's 'The Cuban Club'
      • Teens and social media workshop
      • Horsepower and Patriotism
      • Author John Green in Pleasanton
      • Lafayette's Reservoir Run
      • Author Daneille Wong
      • Joan Osborne sings Dylan
      • Walk for diabetes research
      • Girl Scout Troop's Bronze Award
      • Poetry duo at St. Mary's
      • 'Classroom Champions'
      • Abstract art by women
      • Pittsburg Entertainment & Arts Hall of Fame
      • Horses soothe dementia patients
      • Author Elizabeth Rosner's 'Survivor Cafe'
      • Artist Pallavi Sharma
      • "Pasquale' at Bankhead
      • American Indian culture at Bankhead
      • 22nd Lafayette Art & Wine Fest
      • 20th California Independent Film Festival
      • Annual Bay Area Pet Fair
      • Training immigrants to become baristas
      • Indigo Girls at Bankhead
      • New comedy series in Danville
      • Oakland Beast Crawl
      • East Bay CERT's emergency food
      • Sketching critters at Bedford
      • Zuppan-Hood at World Transplant Games
      • Non-violent activism
      • 18th Eugene O'Neill Festival
      • Warriors dancer audition
      • BEASTMODE-A-Business
      • Margaret Sexton's 'Kind of Freedom'
      • Retired teacher' still teaching
      • Senior Transportation in East Bay
      • Jill Biden at St. Mary's
      • Electric bikes on East Bay trails
      • Concord Japanese festival
      • San Ramon library jazz concerts
      • Lafayette Senior Symposium
      • Livermore's Casse-Croute
      • Cyclist rides for breast cancer
      • 'Halcyon Days' at Diablo Fine Art
      • Poet August Kleinzahler
      • JD Souther at Bankhead
      • 'Gentleman, Champion...'
      • 'Four Immigrants'
      • Art of Charles Howard
      • Wente's 'Midsummer' and 'Cyrano'
      • Bentley underwater robotics
      • Author Edan Lepucki
      • Faz Restaurant
      • 'Dynastic, Bombastic, Fantastic'
      • S.F. String Trio doe 'Sgt. Pepper'
      • Founders of Mendocino Music Festival
      • Festival Opera 'Sins' and 'Pagliacci'
      • Concord job fair for vets
      • Wry Crips Disabled Women's Theater
      • Pleasanton's Almare Gelato
      • William Blake collector
      • Walnut Creek Art & Wine Festival
      • Summer Reading
      • Documentary 'California Typewriter'
      • Director discusses 'California Typewriter'
      • Cornelia Nixon's 'The Use of Fame'
      • Las Lomas garden
      • 'Off the Shelf and On Stage'
      • Dublin's Mirchi Cafe
      • The Peace Center
      • Principal Elaine Frank retires
      • Acalanes district green teams
      • MomWarrior conference
      • Miss USA
      • College of Alameda Gospel Ensemble
      • Berkeley Jazz Ensemble
      • Lafayette 'Food Adventures'
      • Contra Costa Fringe festival
      • Pairings Cellars
      • O'Neill Foundation staged readings
      • Bankhead's 'Wine County Tales'
      • Love and Bipolar Disorder
      • Storm Large at Bankhead
      • Lamorinda ShortDocs Film Fest
      • Lamorinda Business Forum
      • 'Spontaneous Shakespeare'
      • Dublin's Pamir restaurant
      • St. Mary's forum on environment and energy
      • Los Medanos College Gospel Choir
      • Lafayette Earth Day Fest
      • DeSaulnier's town hall
      • Northgate H.S. jazz band
      • Corvette show at Blackhawk
      • Anita Hill at St. Mary's College
      • Arlo Guthrie at Bankhead
      • Popular vote change
      • 'Cork Dork'
      • 'Lean In' cofounder Hemmeter
      • Pura Vida Cocina Latina & Sangria Bar
      • Author Rebecca Solnit
      • SF Symphony exec leaving
      • Post Civil Rights and African American Church Music
      • Union and Fifth
      • 'Soul and Spice' at Dublin HS
      • Early aviation on West Coast
      • San Ramon's Brass Door
      • O'Neill drama workshop
      • Lunafest East Bay
      • 'Just Like a Woman'
      • Town Hall Theatre
      • Confronting global terrorism
      • Livermore Valley Opera's 'Figaro'
      • Author Jason Reynolds at libs
      • 'Brilliance' exhibit in Danville
      • Food banks under Trump
      • Author Yiyun Li's 'Dear Friend'
      • Opposition to Habitat for Humanity
      • College Park H.S. ceramics
      • International Guitar Night
      • Drones for public safety
      • T.J. Stiles at Berkeley library
      • De La Torre’s trattoria
      • Warm Winter Nights
      • Village Theatre 'Piano Lesson'
      • Creating a Peaceful School
      • St. Mary's 'Jan Term'
      • Richmond Art Center's "Living Black'
      • 'The Wrong Dog'
      • The Jazz Room
      • Dublin's Falafel Town restaurant
      • Livermore Valley Opera's new Artistic Director
      • Citizen Scientists
      • Pittsburg image up-date
      • On Fire Pizza in San Ramon
      • New Year, Adult Learning
      • 'We Gon' Be Alright'
      • Speakers at Bankhead
      • Olivia Newton-John
      • Orinda Theater 75th Anniversary
      • Danville Brewing Co.
      • Bedford's 'Cut Up/Cut Out'
      • Bicycle nonprofit
      • Holiday fun
      • Basque Boulangerie Cafe
      • Seva Foundation benefit
      • Costuming Center Rep's Christmas Carol
      • Saint Mary's Social Justice conference
      • Filming Peter Pan Foundation show
      • Nonprofit volunteers honored
      • 'Celebrating the Natural World' art show
      • Trout in San Pablo Creek
      • Preserving history digitally
      • Uncle Yu's restaurant
      • Berkeley Open Studios
      • Civil rights attorney Fred Gray
      • Poet Devorah Major
      • Service to God and Country
      • East Bay Holiday Train rides
      • Chef's Turkey Day
      • Role Player's 'Don't Drink the Water'
      • Congresswoman Barbara Boxer
      • Locanda Ravello restaurant
      • Family history searches
      • Author Natalie Baszile's 'Queen Sugar'
      • Cashore Marionettes at Firehouse
      • Jumping for fun and advocacy
      • 'Rebuilding Lives' after abuse
      • Author Divakaruni's 'Oleander Girl'
      • Author Dean Karnazes' 'Road to Sparta'
      • Mixology
      • Bankhead's 'In the Heights'
      • 'Flying Dutchman' at LVO
      • SMC panel: Millennials matter
      • Former policeman inspires teens
      • Author Richard Alameddine
      • Parsons Dance at Bankhead
      • Musician Marc Broussard at Firehouse
      • Berkeley idea fest 'Uncharted'
      • Michael Krasny on Jewish humor
      • Lafayette Art & Wine Festival
      • Elisa Kleven's 'Gingerbread Boy'
      • 17th Annual O'Neill Festival
      • Walnut Creek Library's 'One Book'
      • NorCal Kids Triathlon
      • Sunday Suppers
      • Running and reading in Danville
      • STEAM at libraries
      • Photographer opens gallery
      • Martinez crop swap
      • National Park Service symposium
      • Teacher's summit at St. Mary's
      • Singer Laura Michele
      • Residency program at Bankhead
      • Tony Furtado Trio at Bankhead
      • Las Trampas adults with disabilities
      • Sojourn to France
      • Cal Shakes' 'Fences'
      • Japan tour for jazz ensemble
      • 'Laura's Ride' fundraiser
      • Free summer movies and concerts
      • Travolta Film Camp
      • 'Tempest' at Wente
      • Carlos Reyes at Aegis
      • Tri-Valley Rep 'Mary Poppins'
      • Keltner's 'The Power Paradox'
      • WWII bombardier
      • Diana Ross, Jackson Browne at Wente
      • Host families for Pittsburg Diamonds
      • Cross-country biking for cancer
      • Emergency ham radio
      • Longtime Rheem teacher retires
      • 'Florence Nightingale: Live!
      • Citizen of the Year Kathleen Odne
      • Alameda County Fair
      • Medical Marijuana panel
      • Livermore Valley Performing Arts Center's new season
      • Walnut Creek Art & Wine Festival
      • Moraga schools start time
      • Livermore public art
      • Berkeley High Jazz Ensemble
      • Northgate High at 'Next Generation' jazz fest
      • Blackhawk Museum's Nora Wagner
      • Moraga 'Citizen of the Year' Judy Dinkle
      • Moraga Community Garage Sale
      • Band 'LK Project'
      • Wings of Freedom tour
      • Lafayette ComicFest 2016
      • Volmer's 'Reliance, Illinois'
      • Children's book illustrator Christian Robinson
      • "Common Ground' photo exhibit
      • Futures Films
      • Taste of Lafayette
      • Livermore Valley Film Fest
      • White Pony Express
      • Poet Gregory Pardlo
      • Defending the Caveman
      • Bay Area Storytelling Festival
      • Art Tag
      • Los Medanos College Gospel Choir
      • Cookbook Author My Nguyen
      • Frances Stroh's 'Beer Money'
      • Photographer Lisa Toby
      • Author Gary Soto
      • Challah making
      • The Empowerment Project
      • Bedford Gallery's 'Safe at Home'
      • SF Green Film Festival
      • Tom Steuber
      • ShortDocs Filmfest
      • Aspen Santa Fe Ballet at Bankhead
      • JFKU counselors-in-training
      • Quilter Sherri Lynn Wood
      • Japanese internment exhibit
      • Heart to Heart
      • Lunch and literature
      • Lamorinda Tri-Cities meeting
      • CG artist Adam Schnitzer
      • Bentley students go to Switzerland
      • Veterinarian Jamie Textor
      • Orinda Citizen of the Year
      • East Bay Intnl. Jewish Film Fest
      • Holocaust survivor Dora Apsan Sorell
      • Moraga singer with Autism
      • WW2 Vet receives Legion of Honor
      • Comedian Tim Lee at Bankhead
      • Pianist Larry Vuckovich
      • Author Nayomi Munaweera
      • Crucible's 'Hot Couture'
      • Jewelry designer in Moraga
      • BAM/PFA's 'In Focus'
      • Teen Violinist Jaclyn Thach
      • What's Up Downtown Orinda
      • Southern Cafe in Antioch
      • Robert Rezak
      • Author Roland Merullo at SMC
      • Classical guitarist Jason Vieaux
      • Morgan Fire recovery
      • LMC diverse hiring
      • Creating a Peaceful School
      • Worth Ranch restaurant
      • Blackhawk Museum
      • Berkeley Public Library
      • Coach Campanelli memiors
      • International children's film fest
      • Permculture workshops
      • Festival of Women Authors
      • Bankhead ukulele band
      • Green Ribbon Day
      • Beatles course
      • Bedford 'Superhero'
      • Bankhead's 'Pirates of Penzance'
      • Tattoo Dad
      • Canyon Elementary STEM
      • Crab feed health warnings
      • Author Catherine Armsden
      • Billy Joel tribute
      • Muffin People
      • Bookseller Marian Nielsen
      • Matches reunion
      • TIE
      • Vet receives Legion of Honor
      • Fiber Artist Melinda Tai
      • Pearl Harbor Vets
      • e-comerce
      • Contra Costa soldier in Afghanistan
      • Chitty, Chitty, Bang, Bang
      • Berkeley Artisans open studios
      • Lafayette traffic roundabout
      • Veterans invitational softball tourney
      • Pacific Chamber Symphony
      • Firehouse Quilts
      • California food system
      • Return of school music program
      • David Talbot's 'The Devil's Chessboard'
      • Berkeley Center for the Study of Religion
      • Contra Costa Open Studios
      • Dublin's new Great Harvest
      • San Ramon Chronicles
      • Discovery Day
      • Firehouse's 'South Pacific'
      • Drones: upside/downside
      • 'Great Immigration Debate'
      • Author Don George's 'Wanderlust'
      • Author Yeonmi Park
      • Bedford's 'BG Craft Fest'
      • Paula Poundstone
      • Lafayette Children's Book Festival
      • 23rd annual STAND!
      • Author Frances Dinkelspiel
      • Comedian Marc Yaffee
      • Artist Nancy Roberts
      • 'Spirit of India' at Bankhead
      • Litquake
      • Shevinsky's 'Lean Out'
      • Lego art at Bedford
      • Storyteller bookstore closing
      • St. Mary's creative writing program
      • Comedy contest at Bankhead
      • Moraga Pear & Wine Festival
      • CVCHS revises board membership
      • Monday Night Playground
      • Author Dan Siegel
      • Photographer Edward Burtynsky
      • The Black Diamond Follies
      • Walnut Creek's Walnut Festival
      • Delta Blues Festival
      • Northgate HS March-A-Thon
      • Jazz vocalist Spencer Day
      • 'Madama Butterfly' at Bankhead
      • Artist Ranjini Venkatachari
      • VetCon fair
      • Author Sue Grafton
      • Author Anil Ananthaswamy
      • 'One City One Book'
      • Ginny Golden, library manager
      • Buy one, give one
      • Scott Hovey, e911
      • Firehouse Arts Center's 2015-16 season
      • Bedford Gallery exhibit celebrates plant life
      • Tri-Valley writers summer camp
      • Ms. Wheelchair America
      • The Gardens at Heather Farm
      • Danae Mattes' art
      • Tanks for the comfy seating
      • Dave Newhouse's 'Founding 49ers'
      • Antioch physician retires
      • Death Cafes
      • Lafayette's MakerFest
      • O'Neill Festival
      • Concord umpire
      • Artist Tom Killion
      • Berkeley Panel for Book Inc. opening
      • Orinda woman is 'Born Survivor'
      • LVPAC's upcoming season
      • The 'Happy' side of Walnut Creek
      • Architect Chris Downey
      • Author Alex Dolan
      • Blind 4-H'er shows pigs
      • Read to the Rhythm
      • Eugene O'Neill expert Eric Hayes
      • Marrisa Moss' 'Amelia' ends
      • Faith in the digital age
      • Livermore Lab scientist's origami art
      • Bedford Gallery's 'Blow Up'
      • Cultivating an Attitude of Gratitude
      • Bay Area Book Festival
      • Geppetto's Cafe changes hands
      • Artist Jacob Hankinson
      • Lafayette rent control
      • Tess' Community Farm Kitchen
      • Art and Wine Festival, Walnut Creek
      • Smuin's Weston Krukow
      • Slopes of Diablo exhibit
      • San Ramon Art & Wind Festival
      • WC Library Foundation's Kristin Anderson
      • Bankhead Theater's "Hula Lives On"
      • Bay Area KidFest
      • CVCHS trustees resign
      • Home Brew Fest
      • Supporting injured soldier
      • Notes4Notes
      • Vietnam Vet Hero
      • John Muir's medical mission
      • Science Cafe
      • Independant living
      • Gospel Community Celebration Concert
      • Clayton Valley Charter School seeks board replacement
      • Simply Sinatra, Almost Elton John
      • Walnut Creek Int. Short Film Festival
      • What's In Your Hat
      • Carey Perloff and Jonathon Moscone
      • Bay Area Storytelling Festival
      • Adonal Foyle
      • Nobel Laureate John Mather
      • Musical prodigy Annie Wu
      • Google
      • Village Theatre "Mice and Men"
      • Aquanut
      • Cyber Safety for kids
      • Rev. James Lawson
      • "Mice and Men"
      • Marechal Duncan
      • Science Thought Leaders Night
      • Village Theatre Art Gallery "Lost and Found"
      • WW2 Jewish spy 'Behind Enemy Lines'
      • Margolin and Rinder on CA art
      • Amy Cheney's Write to Read
      • Firehouse Art Center
      • Author Garry Wills
      • Walnut Creek Library Foundation Author's Gala
      • Recycled Percussion
      • Cal Perf's Berkeley Talks
      • Author Michael Gazziniga
      • Growing Theater Audiences
      • Drum circle
      • Poetry Out Loud
      • Cypress String Quartet
      • Clayton Valley Charter HS investigation
      • Science Contest
      • UC's Yudof and Naplolitano
      • Gap Year
      • ClayStation 6
      • Earn & Learn East Bay
      • Sculptor Julee Richardson
      • Science on Saturday
      • Author Munaweera
      • Girls in STEM
      • She's Beautiful When She's Angry
      • Peaceful Schools
      • American Mosque
      • BART
      • STEM at Berkeley Rep
      • Reggae children's musical
      • Marquis Business Person of the Year
      • Museum of Art, St. Mary's
      • Mega Challah bake
      • Ex-con coffee
      • Swan Lake
      • World Series Trophy tour
      • Sip of Soup
      • Author Joseph Di Prisco
      • White Pony
      • Miss America Kira Kazantsev
      • Robert San Souci
      • Olate Dogs
      • Live action role play
      • Photographer Ding Hong Wu
      • Chef Cal Peternell
      • Louis Zamperini
      • Baker Frank Giovanni
      • Richard Pryor: book review
      • Author Jennifer Dodd
      • Robbie Rogers
      • Vanya Without Borders
      • Gianni's Italian Bistro for charities
      • Clayton Valley Charter High School
      • Jealous Curator
      • Livermore Valley Opera Amahl
      • Dancer Edward Stegge
      • Dolores Huerta
      • Google.Org
      • War Comes Home
      • Voices Against Brain Cancer
      • Good Grief Cooking
      • Karl Hedrick
      • Billie Jean King
      • Saving a life
      • Guinness World record?
      • Chip Hale AZ Diamondbacks
      • Preservation Hall Jazz Band
      • Sleeps with Dogs
      • Andrew Denman, Wildlife artist
      • The Elegant Bib
      • 'Hometown Hero' Tom Steuber
      • Bruce Cockburn
      • Bedford Gallery '100'
      • Domestic violence
      • Dr. Cornel West
      • Heyday Books
      • Loma Prieta earthquake: be prepared
      • Uncharted
      • Daniel Levitin: 'The Organized Mind'
      • Loma Prieta earthquake
      • 400 Things Cops Know
      • Author Reese Erlich: Syria
      • Mrs. Dalloway's Literary and Garden Arts
      • Salad Bar Project
      • Author Steven Pinker
      • Comedian Steele
      • Maya Lin
      • Ygnacio Valley High football under lights
      • Concord/Pleasant Hill Recycling Center
      • Berkeley Arts & Letters
      • Artist Geoffrey Meredith
      • CA Independent Film Festival
      • Author Marissa Moss
      • Veterinarian Camp
      • Lafayette Cell Towers
      • Recycling
      • Engineering Camp for Girls
      • Giants Baseball Camp
      • JFKU interns help troubled youth
      • The Iceman Cometh
      • Greywater
      • Olympian Heather Petri
      • Author John Fuller
      • Climber Hans Florine
      • Homeless
      • Lev Grossman
      • Mayor's cook-off
      • Hiroshima
      • Clay and Glass Exhibit
      • BAM/PFA topping out
      • O'Neill Studio Retreat
      • Town Hall looks at juvenile justice
      • A's Great Dave Henderson
      • Hospice nurse invention
      • Professor Brenda Hillman
      • Wildlife 'Encounters' app
      • Orinda Books
      • Bedford's "Skull Show"
      • Trapshooter Blake Fahmie
      • Atlas Lift Tech
      • Wireless Technology dangers
      • Creeks poisoned by runoff
      • Author Dr. Daniel Levitin
      • Last Midway Battle survivor
      • Clayton Valley Charter School Tension
      • Orinda Theatre Concert
      • Futures Explored 50th
      • Lafayette Balanced Budget
      • Christine Deane
      • Party Politics at Commonwealth Club
      • Comic-Con at OMCA
      • Clayton Valley Charter Band
      • Actor Bryce Pinkham
      • Author Nate Silver
      • Lafayette Commonwealth Club
      • Hometown Hero: Gil Gleasons
      • Moraga Citizen of the Year
      • Kristi Yamaguchi
      • Madeline Albright
      • High-altitude training
      • SHELTER Inc.: Generosity
      • Pixar: Catmull
      • Actress Embraces Shakespeare
      • Mt. Diablo Armchair Tour
      • Oscar Grant
      • Amy McClure: Art's Mystery
      • Bedford Gallery 'Sky'
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      • Best Music books of 2017
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    • East Bay Monthly >
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      • Cal Shakes new director, new season
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      • Kronos Quartet, The Cusp of Magic
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      • Local Lit | December
      • Homegrown chef opens Tribune brasserie
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      • Piedmont's Education Speaker Series
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      • Festival Opera
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      • Shop the Block | Valentine’s Day
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      • Nature journaling
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      • Noodles from Shan Dong
      • Orinda Books reading recs
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      • Joffrey Ballet returns to Cal Perf
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      • 'Violins of Hope' at Paramount
      • March Local Lit
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      • 'Gatz' at Berkeley Rep
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      • Violinist Axel Strauss at PCA
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      • Oakland Symph. holiday tribute to Aretha Franklin
      • Piedmont holiday shopping
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      • Oakland Symphony’s 'Notes from Korea'
      • Video Games Live at Cal Perf
      • Singer/songwriter Bruce Cockburn at Freight & Salvage
      • Actor Robert Townsend at the Marsh
      • David Sedaris at Cal Perf
      • November lit(erary) picks
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      • Mariinsky Ballet at Cal Perf
      • October's top five lit(erary) events
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      • Berkeley Rep's 'Great Wave'
      • Mark Morris at Cal Perf
      • Local Lit
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      • Peidmont East Bay Children's Choir in a new era/
      • Backstage at Berkeley Rep's 'The Good Book'
    • Bay City News >
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    • Other Publications >
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      • SMC course on lying
      • Yoga expanding
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      • Talking to kids about race
      • NYT's Ben Fountain at LLLC
      • Cal Shakes' 'Quixote Nuevo'
      • Author Gail Honeyman at Orinda
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      • 'Jesus Moonwalks the Missippi'
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      • Bell & Bunna's Books
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      • Vinyl's Vibrant Past
      • Berkeley Rep's 'Anarchist"
      • Google Smart Cars
      • Baryshnikov on Stage
      • Kronos Quartet
      • Turtle Island Quartet
      • Cellist David Requiro
      • Malcolm Gladwell
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Up In Smoke

By Lou Fancher

​Romanticizing cannabis culture and reliance on outdated findings based on studies of low potency marijuana conducted more than 20 years ago are the two gravest dangers facing the industry in 2021. Medical and recreational users of cannabis are left to swing in today’s Wild West buyer-beware arena, according to two Bay Area medical health experts, along with literature issued by the National Institute of Health, Center for Disease Control, Journal of American Medical Association, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and other research agencies nationwide.

As 16 states and the district of Washington, D.C. have now legalized the recreational use of cannabis and data shows growing belief in claims (backed by science or not) of beneficial outcomes when cannabis is used to treat a wide range of medical conditions, new studies expand. Included in the scaled-up scope is research related to agriculture (specifically, land and water use), legislative action (labor practices, public policy and regulation), business and the economy (tax revenue, banking, underground black markets, big industry investors and more).

Separately, there is research regarding cannabis culture, mythology, history and contemporary society’s response to increased accessibility, safety, risk, potency, edibles, topicals, THC, CBD, digital delivery of addiction therapy and other topics. The political cannabis landscape is a battle-prone frontier, with right wing opponents and left wings proponents and everyone in-between appearing to hold opinions about the Schedule 1 drug. Underpinning it all is medical science research and findings involving the mental and physical health implications of cannabis use. Online, efficacy topics proliferate into cannabis to treat pain, glaucoma, depression, nausea, muscle spasms, Parkinson’s disease, cancer, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, opioid dependency, and more.

Choosing for purposes of this article to focus on medical cannabis and the latest research and findings, we turned to Dr. Salomeh Keyhani, MD., a general internist and health services researcher in the Department of General Internal Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, and Keith Humphreys, a Professor of Psychiatry at Stanford University, and an affiliated faculty member at Stanford Law School and the Stanford Neurosciences Institute.

Keyhani is currently leading multiple studies involving, among other topics, the cardiovascular and/or pulmonary health effects of marijuana use; tobacco and cannabis use and the impact on lung function, the association of marijuana use with cancer, and public perceptions as formed by traditional and social media and how those platform cover the scientific evidence associated with the potential benefits and harms of cannabis use.

Beginning our discussion with the effect of cannabis on heart disease, lung function and falls and hospitalizations when used by elderly adults, Keyhani says, “Science has preliminary findings, but I am hesitant to make absolute statements.” She says speaking prematurely about findings is “not prudent” and offers a well-known quote: “Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.” (The words have been attributed to cosmologist Martin Rees and astronomer Carl Sagan, among others.) Under those caveats, Keyhani provides valuable information for consumers and the general public and encourages patience while awaiting clear, peer-reviewed, evidence-based research reports.

“I hear people saying cannabis is safer than tobacco and alcohol—although it’s illegal, unlike those substances—and it’s really not a scientific statement. I’m not aware of any studies that can actually do that question justice. It’s more of a public policy question. We really haven’t studied cannabis. People say, but it’s been around for centuries! If you think about it, every year we know more about alcohol. Ten, twenty years ago they were telling us it’s ok to have alcohol with dinner. Now, we’re finding those studies may have been inaccurate, the comparison groups were faulty, and in fact any dose of alcohol is involved in cancer.” The evidence base for cannabis as a safe substance is very thin, she concludes. Studying any illegal substance is difficult and classic studies of tobacco’s impact on cardiovascular disease, for example, involved following roughly 20,000 individuals for decades. “The idea we will know the cardiovascular effects of cannabis in five years is a hard proposition,” she concludes.

While following 4,000 individuals with coronary disease in a current study to determine cannabis’ possible negative effects, she admits, “We still haven’t answered the question. Cannabis is probably harmful; why wouldn’t it be? Why wouldn’t smoking be harmful to health? Smog, fires, and second hand tobacco smoke are harmful to human health. The fact that we don’t have studies doesn’t mean it’s not harmful. It means we just don’t have studies yet. Studies are forthcoming, people are working on this.”

Basing a hypothesis on ongoing studies of THC on the elderly, Keyhani says cannabis probably causes harm. (Tetrahydrocannabinol/THC is the psychoactive chemical compound in cannabis that produces the high sensation.) “We know from basic clinical safety trials that have been published, that THC was associated with dizziness, confusion, disorientation, tachycardia (rapid heart rate). We know from other studies and trial data the effects of THC: dizziness, confusion, paranoia—and it has human dynamic effects that cause your heart to beat fast. I took (those findings) to form my hypothesis that this would have an effect on older adults, who are already taking medication for confusion and disorientation. You could imagine how taking this psychoactive drug would act like any other psychoactive drug. We know from decades of research that psychoactive drugs cause falls and injury in the elderly. Why wouldn’t cannabis?”

A factor in people’s understanding—and incorrect thinking—about the effects of cannabis on lung function is reliance on reports that base their findings on outdated information. A paper published in JAMA had Keyhani emailing the writer to ask questions. “My position is this: We know that low amounts of cannabis are not associated with deficits in lung function over 20 years. When you look at the paper, that is a correct finding, but what is “small amount of cannabis” use? In that JAMA paper, it’s people who have smoked one to two joints a month over 26 years. If you smoked one to two cigarettes a month over 26 years, would you get declines in pulmonary function? I don’t think so. You have to smoke a pack a day for 10 years, not two cigarettes a month. That’s an order of magnitude more. I’m not saying tobacco and cannabis are the same, but the dose matters. This paper had this low amount and said you’re not going to get declines in pulmonary function but I would say in response that if you smoked one to two cigarettes a month you wouldn’t get that decline either.”

The real question, she insists, is what happens if you smoke one to two joints a day? People used to say, Who could do that and function? Maybe before cannabis was commercialized, nobody could actually smoke it that way. But cannabis has left from prohibition to legalization. “We’ve made cannabis into a small industry, so far not a big industry although it’s a lot of money,” says Keyhani. “So my question is, with the commercialization of cannabis and increasing potency with more THC, are people more likely to get addicted, are more people prone to smoke two to three joints a day? We can expect them to have bad lung detriments. People develop tolerance to THC, so it’s a dose issue. Drink one to two glasses of wine a few times a month, you might not be likely to have an adverse effect. But I do believe inhalation of any particulate matter is harmful to human health. There’s no free pass with low exposure and we should never say smoking one to two joints a day is not harmful. We have to be careful in a time when good data isn’t there yet.”

Humphreys served during the Obama administration as senior policy advisor in the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy and worked with California Lt. Governor Gavin Newsom on the Blue Ribbon Commission on Marijuana Law and Policy. A conversation with Humphreys begins with the shifting public perceptions about cannabis and how that impacts research.

“We’re romanticizing cannabis. Everyone wants to focus on how good it is, how it heals and cures. It has an industry now that’s marketed it as a cure for Covid in some states, and as a cure for cancer and diabetes. There’s lots of advertising which makes people feel it’s better, safer for them. It makes it less likely for researchers to study the harms of cannabis. People in public health and academia are scared of being seen as dated, from the 1980’s, as in, “I’m not into cannabis, I’m into the war on drugs.” So there’s less looking into problems. But we’re definitely seeing them, with more people coming into emergency rooms and clinics for treatments.”

Humphreys says the FDA sent out warning letters telling states not to market cannabis as a cure for Covid. “We’ve done work showing it’s marketed telling people who are on buprenorphine, a really good treatment for heroin addiction, to stop taking it and replace it with cannabis. There’ve been warning letters from the FDA about that also.”

Substance addiction is among Humphreys’ special areas of expertise. During the pandemic, he says forming patient-therapist relationships during the pandemic is challenging. “It’s not that big a deal if you’ve been in therapy for three months and now you’re going to go to the web. But to treat someone the first time over the web, it’s less intimate, you can’t notice the non-verbals, it’s less comfortable. It makes it harder and might take more sessions.” Even so, early clinical trials show comparable outcomes for services delivered electronically, versus face-to-face. For certain patients, there’s an advantage. “in California, it’s hard to find a psychiatrist in a rural area,” he says. “You may not be willing or able to drive two hours to see a psychiatrist. This way, you can hop on the web and gain access directly.”

Younger patients are comfortable and trust online therapy more than do an older generation of patients who are forced online by the pandemic and didn’t grow up during the internet era. Humphreys says, “The difference is not a caging effect, it’s a cohort effect and not due to Covid.” Digital delivery is improving, he suggests, with extended broadband and higher quality, more secure connections. Still, there is room for improvement. “There’s some research at Stanford showing Zooming is fatiguing. Clinicians are worn out. It takes more concentration to focus on Zoom. The distraction of screens, the time delays between what you see and hear.…maybe someday we’ll have perfectly synchronous timing but we’re not there yet.” Separately, Keyhani says there are no clear indications that use of cannabis rose during Covid. Any recent recorded uptick in emergency room visits of people having problems with cannabis are probably equaled by the numbers of people who stay away because people who stop or reduce their use of cannabis rarely visit hospitals and go uncounted.

Asked about cannabis research funding during the Trump’s presidency, Humphreys says there was no diminishment in the amount of corporate-funded research into marketing, outreach, and how to make more potent products. Government-funded studies of medical applications for cannabis also remained stable. “During the Trump era there wasn’t attention on drug policy,” he says. “If they had paid attention, I think they would have screwed it up, but I don’t think they really did.”

Although Operation Warp Speed shifted attentional focus to Covid studies, it had a separate funding appropriation from Congress and did not drain money for ongoing cannabis research from the NIH and similar organizations. As more states legalize cannabis use, changes in one law are making a difference. Previously, you had to get  cannabis for research from a particular farm in Mississippi. “That law is loosening up to allow more states or companies to operate cannabis farms. Trump definitely screwed that up because the Congress said that it was ok to grant licenses to others a long time ago, like five years ago. Then Jeff Sessions, the Attorney General, just sat on the applications and wouldn’t let them go forward. It’s only recently they relented (and agreed to rules). If not for Trump, it would have gone faster.”

Humphreys favors universal health care with expanded benefits for people with cannabis problems, which he equates to any other chronic health problem. “When you do that, you reduce disparities because a lot of insurance comes through work. Lower income groups have lower rates of employment, work in jobs without health care benefits, have higher rates of smoking and substance use, so you want any expansion to cover all use of cannabis, opioids and anything else. That’s important for equity.”

Considering current studies being conducted and the immediate future, Humphreys highlights a recent finding that legalizing cannabis did not lower opioid use. “Which will surprise your readers,” he says. “There were early much-valued studies suggesting that cannabis use would stop the opioid epidemic, maybe by substituting for pain medication? Then a more detailed study with more data and more years showed that it was exactly the other way around. The states with higher rates of cannabis legalization ended up with higher opioid overdose. That’s a really important finding.”

Which leads to a primary point he emphasizes: “We have FDA approved medications for opioid addiction. You should never stop taking them and replace them with cannabis. That’s dangerous: there’s a chance of overdosing and dying. Even though there are programs saying you can replace heroin with cannabis, we have no evidence that works. You should be on FDA approved medication. That’s important in the middle of an opioid epidemic.”

Other studies examining cannabis’ impact on pain or anxiety are “not super encouraging,” he says. Humphreys offers advice for all cannabis users hoping to ameliorate health conditions: “What your budtender tells you is 800 miles ahead of what is actually known. There’s a lot more extravagant claims about medical cannabis than are evidence to support those claims. The buyer should beware.” He answers people asking if cannabis will reduce anxiety and related mental health symptoms by telling them, “People who use cannabis will think it’s reducing their anxiety because they smoke it and feel better. It’s just like feeling shaky and smoking a cigarette and feeling better—when what you’re doing Is actually treating withdrawal symptoms (with more nicotine). It’s like if you’re anxious and have a shot of bourbon and feel more relaxed. I wouldn’t say that therefore bourbon is a good treatment for anxiety; it isn’t.”

Keyhani sums up the interview where it began; by encouraging patience as more data is drawn relating to today’s high-potency cannabis and there is more time for longer studies with bigger cohorts. “With the advent of high-potency cannabis it would be interesting to look again at all these studies that are in the past. Ten or fifteen years ago they would say that cannabis was not very addictive. But with 100 percent concentration THC that is readily available in dispensaries, should we be rethinking the relationship? What is the relationship of cannabis and addiction and psychosis if you are dabbing, using cannabis every day? Have the rates in the U.S. increased? Are rates higher where high potency cannabis has become readily available?”

Because cannabis has been marketed as a safe analgesic, Keyhani wonders about its use by reproductive age women and how it might impact an infant. “If you’re using cannabis during pregnancy, how does that impact the children? As it’s being marketed to the public as a harmless substance, is use among high-risk groups increasing?”

Humphreys returns to his primary theme: cannabis is riding a positive cultural wave. “Cannabis is getting legalized on very big promises it will raise tax revenue, make society more equitable, and cure lots of diseases. I think we’re in a period of extremely low criticism of cannabis as an unvarnished good. It will probably stay that way for maybe five years or so. And then particularly left wing people will realize the cannabis industry is run by very rich people, not by gentle hippies from the 60s. It’s guys in business suits and women with MBAs who want to maximize profit, increase addiction, just like tobacco. Right nw, people are naïve about it and will be sorry later.”

Although it is called medical cannabis, many experts emphasize that cannabis is one of the least regulated parts of the entire medical system. Humphrey agrees. “You can make claims about cannabis that would make you lose your physician’s license if you made them about any other medication. You can’t sue the budtender for medical malpractice because they are not medical.  Where your doctor (is) in the medical health care system. The cannabis budtender has prestige but not rigor and science from where that trust is derived. When you sell an edible or product, there are multiple studies showing that the packaging doesn’t even have to be correct. The dosing can be completely wrong. A cookie that says it has 5 mg has 25. Or one refers to one bite as a dose but another place it says five bites is a dose. You’re much less protected as a consumer than you might think.”
​
Asked to name best resources for people exploring the medical cannabis Wild West, Keyhani recommends in addition to reports from UCSF, the NIH, CDC, American Heart Association, American Academy of Neurology and the National Academy of Sciences. For people interested in where and how people source their information about meidical cannabis, she offers two recent papers (see links below). Humphreys directs consumers to Stanford University research and work being done by Dr. Ziva Cooper at UCLA’s Cannabis Research Initiative.
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